Values (Behaviors) Defined:  Following the lead of Jack Welch, we prefer the term "behaviors" instead of "values" for clarity.  Our intent is to provide "smack you in the face concreteness" [Welch's words] regarding how task force members and Associates are expected to behave.  The terms are used in tandem below to make sure there is no misunderstanding.  Mission statements and organization charts also benefit greatly from  "smack you in the face concreteness" regarding who is doing what and who is responsible.

 

Seven Values For Making Every IT-Related Dollar Produce Five Dollars of Value (Business and Technical)

  1. First:  Stewardship, Business Payback, Results, Measured, High Value Work Drives Out Low Value.  Technology, Cosmetics and all other priorities second.  Three Classes of Work:  High Value, Marginal, Low-Negative

  2. Process Solution, Understand the Work before applying technology, organizing people.  ACTIVELY fight complexity.

  3. No-Code Solutions, Competition, Best Value for Money, Accountability, Transparency, Candor.  Intangible IT functions made tangible and competitive.  IT costs clearly linked to business payback and priority.

  4. "Skinny Systems", Essential Minimum Work Product, Documentation, Testing.  Avoid extremes of "run and gun" or "too much complexity, paperwork, structure, overhead."

  5. Project Management Institute Essentials.  Scope Control, User Participation, Executive Sponsorship.

  6. Eat the Elephant a Bite At A Time.  Rapid, agile, 90 day results.  No-code solutions, prototypes.  No big bang.

  7. Fairness, Equity, Respect for all involved.  Focus, Discipline, Professionalism, Values Based Conduct, Authority Matched to Responsibility, Cooperation between business units and IT, Aspire to "Best on Planet".

21 Rules for Task Forces

We aspire to these rules and standards for all client efforts.  In some cases, circumstances will prevent full adherence to these goals.  We reserve the right to decline or withdraw from any assignment if these rules are substantially violated (in our judgment.)  Items in RED or BLUE are core principals we hope clients will absorb to help them sustain long term results.

First Step:  Decide on the general approach (one size does not fit all)

A.  Full Workshops, Full Support:  Aggressive, big, rapid goals / outcomes.  Requires significant time from CLIENT personnel.

B.  Weekly “Steady Progress”:  Focus on low hanging fruit, less aggressive but high value, rapid results, work around other priorities.  Small wins building toward a team and culture of steady improvements.

C.  Something in between?

  1. STEWARDSHIP, RESULTS, VALUE:  The task force's first duty is to create the result it was funded to produce for owners, customers and employees.  All other personal considerations are secondary.  SOME DON'TS:  No interference.  No politics.  No favoritism.  No factions.  No cronyism.  No empire building.  No self promotion.  No advancement of self interest at the expense of the result.  True commitment and participation with no "head fakes".
  2. MANY ARE CALLED, FEW ARE CHOSEN, SCOPE and CHANGE CONTROL: "Improvement" ideas are everywhere.  We must separate, prioritize, define, fund, support and remain focused on the right ideas - and we can only do a few things at one time.  We will require that the project's budget, deadlines and results are defined in writing (which creates a baseline).  We will insist that changes to this baseline be handled in a disciplined manner.  We may require certain tools to be in place to support this requirement:

2.1  Changing Priorities, Changing Direction, Uncontrolled Scope are the Most Devastating Problem faced by Task Forces:  This is one of the greatest lessons of project history, and the most often ignored.  Military historians call this issue "Singleness of Purpose".  There is also a significant body of research and success stories to show that Focus on the Right Things is the single most critical issue in management at present.  Some of the items we will insist on may seem unnecessary, but are actually the lessons we and others have learned from hard experience.

2.2  Task Force as Joint Venture LLC:  Provides clearest authority / responsibility match.  Scope definition and change control are part of a legal framework.  Client provides funding, TIA exercises oversight.

2.3  Incentive Pay System as Double Check that We are Working on the Right Priorities:    Incentive pay, discussed below, serves to focus the entire effort because all involved are reluctant to attach incentives to whimsical or ever changing priorities. 

  1. SOLID ANALYSIS, HARD TRUTHS, HARD DECISIONS, UP AND DOWN THE LINE:  Not surface level, not what's easy, not done to support pre-defined ideas.  Hard facts.  Unpleasant realities.  Solid, supportable judgments when quantification is not practical.  Shared fully up and down the line with people affected, to the greatest extent possible. 
  2. TEST THE RHETORIC, THE APPEARANCE, THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES, OUR ASSUMPTIONS, OUR ASPIRATIONS.  WANTING THE JUICE WITHOUT THE SQUEEZE?  TRUE MOTIVES OFTEN ONLY REVEALED UNDER STRESS:  Be wise as serpents and innocent as doves.  We live in a world where vendors, partners, clients and employers can easily disseminate rhetoric and promises.  Intentionally or not, reality is often very different.  The problem is often compounded by our own assumptions and expectations, with devastating effects on our projects.  
  3.  WEEKLY "QUICK HIT" PROCESS / PROCEDURE / RESULTS LOG:  We often identify improvements that can be made immediately while the full solution takes longer.  It is important that the task force hold itself accountable, weekly, for these improvements descending into sustained action and results.
  4. THE WORK MUST BE UNDERSTOOD BEFORE BUDGETS, DEADLINES OR RESULTS CAN BE COMMITTED TO.   It is usually  necessary to do significant work to "understand the work" before solid commitments can be made. 
  5. CONTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT:  RIGHT PERSON, RIGHT JOB, CONTRIBUTION DEFINED, COMPETENTLY MANAGED, EVALUATIONS, INCENTIVES, TIME TRACKING:  People are rewarded / promoted, or disciplined / removed based on contribution  against pre-defined goals and behaviors.  People must not be criticized or downgraded for failures on items they were not aware of in advance.  Individual contribution evaluations become part of the public task force record.   This will include having the right people on the task force - in particular - we must have anyone who can say "no".  We must also pick the right person to lead the task force and they must have the authority to match their responsibility (sign-off on budgets, deadlines, goals / outcomes, people, organization, right to discipline people for non-values [behaviors] conduct.)  Task force members will be required to track their time and must have some incentive based on their contribution evaluation.  A bonus pool will be established for the project and payouts to task force members will be based on contribution and evaluation.  Note that team members will have a voice in who is allowed to charge time to the project (and, therefore, be eligible for a share of the bonus pool.) 

7.1  Excellence, Craftsmanship, the Joy of Serving Customers Well, are essential motivators for task force members.  They will be pursued in balance with other task force priorities

  1. FAIRNESS, JUSTICE, RESPECT, EQUITY, GOOD FAITH for all involved. 
  2. CANDOR and FULL DISCLOSURE:  TIA will maintain an independent position and provide full disclosure whenever possible.  We will speak the truth, as we see it, even if it means disagreeing with Client executives or partners.  We will do so even if it costs us future business.  All task force members are expected to do the same.  Non-disclosure is only permitted in cases of substantive security or legal risk. 
  3. PERFORMING AS PROMISED:  All members of the task force will hold each other accountable for performing as promised. 
  4. UP FRONT AGREEMENT ON GOALS, VALUES (BEHAVIORS), MEASURES, PRE-DEFINED DECISIONS:  We will continuously press for up front agreement on the goals, behaviors, action items and measures necessary to achieve the desired outcome.  We may require task force members to sign-off in agreement. 
  5. ROI / PAYBACK DISCIPLINE WILL BE ENFORCED.  We will only participate in projects where an ROI / Payback that justifies the effort can be measured.  Our TIA standard is a minimum of 5 to 1 paybacks, but we strive for higher. 
  6. SERVICES COSTING, ALLOCATING COST WHERE VALUE IS RECEIVED.  Note that many inherent problems in IT can only be resolved by closer tracking of the cost of providing those IT services (and accountability for the cost / value received, which usually means charging cost back to business units.)
  7. TRANSPARENCY, BRING ALL CONDUCT INTO THE LIGHT:  MEETING MINUTES, PERFORMANCE RECORDS AND PROJECT RESULTS WILL BE DOCUMENTED.  These items will become part of the record of the task force's performance, and will be made available to task force members, client senior management and ownership.  We reserve the right to bring items to the attention of the Client's audit committee (or equivalent) in the event we encounter a material risk to the task force (see definition below).  Discipline or dismissal of task force members for Values (behaviors) violations will be part of the task force record. 

    14.1  Mistakes made in good faith will be tolerated, even encouraged.  It is important that we be transparent and admit our mistakes.  Task force members must not be afraid of losing their jobs or undue penalty for a good faith mistake.

  8. EFFECTIVE TEAM MEETINGS:  We will make good use of attendee's time, we will establish agendas and desired outcomes, we will stick to the agenda (unless a deviation makes sense), we will log certain items for follow-up after or outside the meeting (substantive issues not on the agenda, detail discussions not involving the entire team, etc.), we will limit disruption from cell phones, email, side conversations, interruptions, etc., we will seek fair and balanced input from all, we will limit presentations in favor of group problem solving. 
  9. BEST PRECEDENTS FROM COMPETITORS / PEERS / THE MANAGEMENT LITERATURE:  The analysis will include tasks to identify these best practices.  In certain situations, we may require that a task force member make a written response to these items as part of the record of the task force's performance. 
  10. SUPPORT AGREED UPON POLICIES, with OBLIGATION TO DISSENT and RIGHT OF ESCALATION WITHOUT RETALIATION.  BUSINESS CASE PREVAILS:  All task force members will (a) support the decisions and policies of our clients and / or the supervisors placed over us, or (b) will make his/her dissent known clearly and early on.  If we dissent, we will come to an agreement on how to handle the dissent or remove ourselves from the project.  We have the right to escalate the business case for our views up the chain of authority, through our supervisor, without fear of retaliation.  The best business case will prevail - not egos or individuals (certain limits apply.) 
  11. THE NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIR:  Task forces will generally be chaired by a TIA consultant who is NOT the primary executive responsible for the project outcome.  This is necessary to maintain objective oversight and ensure that the rules for the task force are enforced. 
  12. DEMAND MAKING and PARTICIPATION BY EXECUTIVE SPONSOR:  We will ask that time and training be devoted to  this critical issue with the executives involved in the task force.  The essential concept is that the line executives must make effective demands on their people - and require compliance.  TIA consults and advises, but the executives involved remain responsible for making demands and requiring compliance and results. 
  13. WEEKLY / MONTHLY FACE TO FACE, CONFERENCE CALLS, NET MEETINGS:  The task force will conduct weekly / monthly meetings for status review and accountability for all parties.  TIA will insist on some level of face to face meetings to make sure team members know each other well enough to function effectively.
  14. "GET THE JOB DONE, REGARDLESS OF ORGANIZATION BOUNDARIES OR RANK", DIRECT COMMUNICATION WITH THOSE WHO KNOW THE WORK or CAN HELP:    The task force will reach across organization boundaries, to any level, whenever needed, seeking help and information from anyone who knows the work or is able to assist.  (e.g. first American deaths in WWI were due to French failures in this area, which George Marshall challenged.)
  15. "PAY FOR PERFORMANCE", INCENTIVE PAY, DISCOUNTS ON ASSOCIATE RATES:  We welcome "pay for performance" arrangements.  Note that we have found it necessary to have full contractual agreement on incentives and measurement before reducing the rate of our Associates.
  16. OTHER FINANCIAL INCENTIVES TO COMPLY WITH TASK FORCE RULES:   

    (a)  ____ (CLIENT INITIALS REQUIRED) Loss of Discounts for Failure of CLIENT Personnel to Cooperate Fully, In a Manner Consistent With These Guidelines, In Good Faith and Complete Action Items As Agreed.  TIA reserves the right to revoke past  discounts applied and immediately bill Client for any and all TIA labor hours affected by this non-performance.  TIA will only take this action on substantial and material issues and written proof will accompany any such invoice.  Client must pay any invoices so issued within 30 days or terminate the project with TIA (including payment of any agreed upon termination fees). 

  17. DISPUTE / CONFLICT RESOLUTION:  We will resolve disputes openly, up front, on the record, early and in good faith.  When a substantive dispute arises, the parties will attempt to resolve it among themselves, in private, in good faith and before escalating.  If still unresolved, and one party wishes to escalate the dispute, escalation will be consistent with the rules of TRANSPARENCY, CANDOR and FULL DISCLOSURE, SUPPORT AGREED UPON POLICIES, with OBLIGATION TO DISSENT and RIGHT OF ESCALATION WITHOUT RETALIATION.  BUSINESS CASE PREVAILS.  Escalation will take place "on the record".  The parties will have the opportunity to confront each other in the presence of the decision maker (face to face or by conference call.) Political, manipulative or behind the scenes maneuvering is inconsistent with this provision and may result in loss of discounts.    

    (a)  ____ (CLIENT INITIALS REQUIRED) Consultant(s) assigned may be changed one time for "personality / conflict" reasons - no more.  (This is a Jack Welch of GE rule that prevents evasion / delay.)

    (b)  ____ (CLIENT INITIALS REQUIRED) Conflicts and disputes are expected to arise.  Unfortunately, major improvement efforts usually result in some conflicts and disputes.  By initials here, CLIENT acknowledges this likelihood and agrees to handle such disputes as described herein, or pay TIA for lost discounts as described herein.  Examples include disparagement / criticism / attempts to remove personnel from the task force without substantive cause;   Delays, inaction, non- response to assigned tasks or authorized requests to provide assistance;  Efforts to control technology, software, systems or access in a manner inconsistent with the guidelines herein (this applies to IT personnel in particular.)

  18. POSITIVE, TRUTHFUL STATUS:  Our goal is to provide newsletters, updates and other positive, truthful messages of encouragement about task force values, progress, heroes, results, etc. 
  19. MAINTAINING THE IMPROVEMENT:  ONGOING BUDGET, ROLES FOR OVERSIGHT, SUSTAINING THE GAINS.  This must be planned into the project from the  beginning.  All too often, we see heroic task force improvements fade back to "business as usual". 
  20. PORTABLE EXECUTIVE APPROACH, WITH CONTRACT:  In certain cases it makes sense to have the head of the task force be an employee that is with the company for a limited time.  Note that in most cases it will be necessary for the executive to have a contract which specifies his / her authority, including severance arrangements, in order to achieve high-impact, rapid results.
  21. SOLUTION / SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT APPROACH:  We will insist that the Client choose, fund and support an approach up front.  The two options are:  (See  below for details and tradeoffs for each option)

Option (A) ________(Client Initials)    TIA Earned Value, High Impact Standard Approach.  (Note that experienced Clients usually choose this method.  Note that extra diligence in estimating cost and completion date is the key aspect of this approach.) 

Option (B) ________(Client Initials)    Rapid Prototyping Approach.  (Note that first time Clients usually choose this method, it's risks must be managed closely.) 

  1. WE USE HIGH-IMPACT / GE "WORK-OUT" METHODS:  See details below.  Key concepts are:  

(a)  Limited Use of Consultants.  Generally, client personnel will do most of the work. 

(b)  90 Day, High-Impact Sub-Projects with Hard Measures and Evaluation.  Large efforts must be broken down and produce rapid, measureable results. 

(c)  Effective Decision Making and Demand Making.  Task forces must be authorized to make important decisions rapidly.  Anyone who can say "no" to the initiative must participate or delegate authority for full participation.  The line executives involved must make immediate decisions on at least 60% of recommendations and decisions on the remaining 40% within 30 days.  ("We are not going to do this and here is why..." is a perfectly valid decision.)  If not, the entire effort is in jeopardy and may need to be cancelled. 

(d)  Change Organization to Desired Outcome through "Super-High-Impact, Small Win" Projects, one project at a time.  The best way to drive out low value work is to replace it with super-high-value work.

(e)   90-day wins 2-10 are what really matter (Often we have seen a pressing need motivate the client to significant short-term results, but the effort fails to sustain momentum and achieve the ultimate culture change needed for long-term significant results.) 

(f)  "We Must Win the War with the Average Soldier":  (Quote from Admiral Nelson, British Naval Hero.)  We can sometimes produce heroic results from short term efforts by exceptional Associates, but these efforts tend to not sustain.  Projects need to be staffed, justified and funded based on the capabilities of normal people performing at their best.

 

Team Leader Sign-Off

I understand and agree to adhere to these guidelines.                              Date:  ____________________

Team Leader Signature:  ___________________________________

Printed Name: ____________________________________________

 

Additional Behaviors & Operating Philosophy 

  1. STEWARDSHIP, RESULTS, VALUE: 

    - Focus on results - not activity.  We will never propose unnecessary work solely for the purpose of increasing our fees.

    - Create the best possible value for Client Shareholders

    - Put Client interests ahead of our interests.

    - Strive for a "ten-fold" payback to the client on the work we do.

    - Spend Client's money as if it were our own.

  2. EXECUTION FOCUS instead of ADVICE FOCUS:  90%+ of consulting funds should go toward effective execution.  10% or less should be spent on expert advice.
  3. ETHICS, INTEGRITY, CONFIDENTIALITY:  Operate within the Codes of Ethics established by the Project Management Institute and the Institute of Management Consultants.  This includes the protection of confidential Client information.  We will handle any potential conflicts of interest between clients in an up front, straight forward manner.
  4. MATERIAL RISKS TO CLIENT:  If we discover a material risk to the client organization, we reserve the right to  make client shareholders / owners aware of such risks.  Generally, we consider a risk to be material if the potential impact exceeds  $100,000 AND there is a 50% or greater chance of this risk occurring.  Before taking such action, we will provide notice and time to cure to all appropriate personnel.

  5. FOCUS ON WHAT MATTERS:
  6. MERITOCRACY, MAKING PEOPLE MORE COMPETITIVE:  We believe in putting the right person in the right job and rewarding performance.  We will insist that the client hold to this concept, especially in key positions.  We cannot promise that any Consultant or Client employee will retain their job over time.  We can promise to help people acquire skills to make them more competitive for future opportunities.
  7. HARD FACTS, HARD DECISIONS:  We will continually stress the need for facts and outside validation of views and opinions.  We will continually press our Clients to make the hard decisions and take the hard (even unpopular) actions necessary for the health of the business.  
  8. TEST MARKETING, RAPID EXPERIMENTS:  We believe in test marketing and rapid experimentation to find what works.  No one can guarantee that sales and marketing efforts will always produce the desired results.  We advocate a disciplined approach that is based on test marketing key assumptions before committing the entire organization.
  9. BEST ON PLANET, EXCELLENCE, CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT:  We will continually  seek out the best knowledge and skills available to serve our Clients.  Our aim is to be the best on the planet in our specialty.
  10. FAMILY MEMBERS must be competitive for their positions and treated the same as non-family members.
  11. HIGH IMPACT / WORKOUT / PARTICIPATION:  We operate on the "high impact" or "workout" method (pioneered by GE, Robert Schaffer and others), whenever appropriate, based on the following:

    - Limited use of consultants, participation and ownership by Client.  Often, the Client's personnel know the problems better than we do and we act only to assist and advise.  This usually produces the highest return for money spent.

    - 90 Day Sub-Projects.  Large efforts must be broken into smaller projects that will produce tangible, meaningful results in 90 days or less.  These results will be evaluated and published to the task force and stakeholders.

    - Experiment, Try, Do, Action without delay caused by too much study, procrastination, fear of mistakes (within reason)

    - Task Forces and “Town Hall Meeting” Decision Making.   We will be pushing our people and client people to move rapidly and produce big results.  Client executives need to be prepared to make rapid decisions in a town-hall meeting environment, or within a short time after a meeting / workshop.

    - We will (generally) recommend changing organizations through a series of "small - win" projects, rather than attempting wide scale organization change.

     

 
Team Member Sign-Off

1.  I WILL PUT THE GOOD OF THE PROJECT, THE CUSTOMER, THE COMPANY OWNERS AND MY TEAM MEMBERS AHEAD OF MY PERSONAL INTEREST:  SOME DON'TS:  No interference.  No politics.  No favoritism.  No factions.  No cronyism.  No empire building.  No self promotion.  No advancement of self interest at the expense of the result.  No "head fakes" giving the appearance of supporting the decisions of the project leaders while actually pursuing self interest.

2.  I WILL COMPLETE MY ACTION ITEMS AS ASSIGNED OR GIVE EARLY NOTICE TO MY TEAM MEMBERS THAT COMPLETION WILL BE LATE.

3.  I WILL SUPPORT SCOPE CONTROL, FOCUS, PRIORITIZATION AND CHANGE CONTROL.

4.  I UNDERSTAND THAT MY CONTRIBUTION TO THIS PROJECT WILL BE EVALUATED and the results made available to the rest of the team and anyone else that team leadership deems appropriate.

5.  I UNDERSTAND THAT I AM ON THIS TEAM TO CONTRIBUTE MY SKILLS to the project and that I may be asked to step aside if my skills or contribution are not adequate.

6.  I UNDERSTAND THAT I MAY BE REQUIRED TO REPORT THE TIME AND ACTIVITIES I CONTRIBUTE TO THIS PROJECT.

7.  I WILL CONDUCT MYSELF IN FAIRNESS, JUSTICE, RESPECT, EQUITY AND GOOD FAITH toward all involved in this project.
  I understand that I will receive the same treatment in return.

8.  I WILL ADMIT MY MISTAKES TO TEAM LEADERSHIP IMMEDIATELY.  I UNDERSTAND THAT MISTAKES MADE IN GOOD FAITH ARE A NORMAL PART OF PROJECTS moving ahead quickly and the I will not be penalized for a good faith mistake. 

9.  I UNDERSTAND THAT I MUST SUPPORT THE DECISIONS OF MY TEAM LEADERS. 

10.  REGARDING CONCERNS / ISSUES / PROBLEMS I HAVE WITH THE PROJECT:

    a.  I understand that I am required to make my concerns known to my team leaders immediately. 
    b.  I understand that my team leaders are required to listen to my concerns. 
    c.  I understand that I am required to support my team leader's decisions after my concerns have been heard.

11.  I UNDERSTAND THAT I AM TO "GET THE JOB DONE, REGARDLESS OF ORGANIZATION BOUNDARIES OR RANK".  I understand that the project contract authorizes the team to have direct communication with those who know the work or can help. 

12.  DISPUTE / CONFLICT RESOLUTION: 
I understand that we will have conflicts and we will resolve them openly, up front, on the record, early and in good faith.  When a substantive dispute arises, the parties will attempt to resolve it among themselves, in private, in good faith and before escalating to team leaders or their supervisors. 

13.  I WILL CONDUCT MYSELF IN TRUTH, INTEGRITY AND ETHICAL CONDUCT REGARDING STATUS AND ALL OTHER MATTERS CONCERNING THIS PROJECT.

14.  I UNDERSTAND THAT I HAVE THE RIGHT TO APPEAL THE DECISIONS OF MY TEAM LEADERS TO THEIR SUPERVISORS and I will abide by the supervisor's decision.  I understand that this privilege can be revoked if abused.


15.  I UNDERSTAND AND SUPPORT THE GOAL OF RAPID RESULTS, MOVING AHEAD QUICKLY, NOT WAITING FOR PERFECT SOLUTIONS. 

16.  I UNDERSTAND THAT "HIGH VALUE WORK IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN LOW VALUE WORK"
and that I may need to agree to some tradeoffs with my supervisor in order to complete my work on this project.
 
17.  I UNDERSTAND THAT MY FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ABOVE MAY RESULT IN FINANCIAL PENALTIES TO MY COMPANY:
  I understand that in most cases I will be given written notice and time to correct the problem before a penalty is assessed.

I understand and agree to adhere to these guidelines.                              Date:  ____________________

Team Member Signature:  ________________________________

Printed Name: __________________________________________

 

          Ethical Complaints

Any complaint concerning ethical conduct by Tom Ingram & Associates personnel may be directed to:

Project Management Institute:  Four Campus Boulevard, Newtown Square, PA 19073-3299 USA   Phone: 610-356-1219 http://www.pmi.org FILE COMPLAINT AGAINST PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROFESSIONAL (PMP) CERTIFICATION NUMBER 3244.  The PMI code of ethics can be viewed at http://www.pmi.org/About-Us/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics.aspx

Note that Tom Ingram holds the PMP (Project Management Professional) certification, awarded by the Project Management Institute.

The Ethics committee of the Project Management Institute has the authority to withdraw Tom Ingram’s PMP certification as a result of ethical complaints.

Institute of Management Consultants:   P.O. Box 3045, Washington D.C.   20042  800-221-2557, http://www.imcusa.org/ The IMC code of ethics can be viewed at http://www.imcusa.org/?page=ETHICSCODE

Tom Ingram is a member of the Institute of Management Consultants (IMC) and a Certified Management Consultant (CMC).  The Ethics committee of IMC has the authority to revoke Tom Ingram’s membership and certification as a result of ethical complaints.

 


Solution / Software Development Approach: 

Option (A) ________(Client Initials)    TIA Earned Value, High Impact Standard Approach.  (Note that experienced Clients usually choose this method.)  The general steps will be:

- AS-IS process defined

- TO-BE process defined

- Screen flow, paper-based prototype (no development until baseline is set)

- Major functions defined for each screen

- Project is broken down into 90 day or less chunks which must deliver significant value to the business

- Budget and due date are proposed, with work packages and charge codes.  (This forms the baseline)

- Baseline is approved, funded and authorized to develop solution.

- RULE:  NO DEVELOPMENT UNTIL TO-BE PROCESS, SCREEN-FLOW with MAJOR FUNCTIONS, BASELINE BUDGET AND DUE DATE ARE SIGNED OFF

         * Avoids the trap of "don't want to put unfinished software in front of the users." 

- Development begins

- Developer / consultant time is reported daily by charge codes

- Changes are proposed, authorized and added to budget and due date in disciplined manner (Baseline is changed)

- Bug fixes and problems are recorded, prioritized, tracked and resolved in a disciplined manner

- Status reporting is based on sign-off of work packages as complete, budget versus actual cost by charge code and deadlines met.  (All measured against the updated baseline.)

- Business user / process / outcome owner's role:  Material participation in specification by those doing the work.  Process / outcome owner bears ultimate responsibility for outcome

- Executive sponsor's role:  Define outcomes required.  Fund and authorize project.  Put the right people in the right job.  Make effective demands on project team for the outcome.  Require accountability to the above disciplines

- Consultant's role:  Generally a supporting role.  Clear that client personnel know the work and business issues best.  (Exception:  when the needed skills are not within the client organization.)  Does not allow ownership for business outcome of project to be passed to him or her.  Provides framework and disciplines above.  Provides expert skills where needed

 

Advantages and Risks of this Approach:

Issue Advantage Risk
Baggage / history   Some have been burned by too much overhead, project management, paperwork and too little results
Tools used / Situation Needed for larger projects, scratch development For projects under $50,000, can be hard to fund the necessary management overhead
Cost Best for predictable cost

Substantially better because Changes cannot be used to defeat accountability
Perceived as higher cost due to more overhead.  Substantial evidence to the contrary.  Must fund business analysis, process and project management disciplines or falls apart

Not everyone willing to enforce needed disciplines
Quality Inherently better because based on conformance to written specification Not everyone agrees on this definition of quality

Not everyone willing to enforce needed disciplines
Deadlines Substantially better because Changes cannot be used to defeat accountability

Requires work up front, rather than death march
Perceived as taking longer due to more overhead.  Substantial evidence to the contrary.

Not everyone willing to enforce needed disciplines
Scope Control / Change Management Substantially fewer changes Not everyone willing to enforce needed disciplines
Status Reporting Substantially better because of baseline

Holds people accountable for cost and time estimates

Only way known to report progress on  intangible work as $ and deadlines (for senior executives to manage without expert knowledge)
Programmers, many technical people have never been held accountable for cost, time and quality

Some resist fiercely, even to the point of quiting
Executive sponsor Substantially better executive control of project and business outcomes

Critical benefit to senior executives who are pressed for time


Marginal projects die early.  Forces think-through, proper funding and full commitment to  project
Breaks down if exec sponsor will not fund and enforce the disciplines
Business Users Substantially better buy-in, ownership and user experience Many will resist up front time demands and demands for process / outcome ownership

Doing things right the first time will actually save users substantial time
Ownership for Business Outcome Clearly rests with business user / process owner Not everyone willing to enforce needed disciplines

 

 

Option (B) ________(Client Initials)    Rapid Prototyping Approach.  (Note that first time Clients usually choose this method, it's risks must be managed closely.)  The general steps will be:

- Verbal / informal direction on "what software should do" is given directly to the developer

- Estimates are informal, often verbal

- Prototype developed immediately to demonstrate how software will work

- Users provide verbal / informal input on changes needed

- Developers make changes

- REPEAT prototype / feedback / changes cycle - often dozens of times

- Developer / consultant time is reported in weekly blocks - not charged to specific tasks

- Tight deadlines are demanded to keep project under control, delivering value

- Death march, lots of overtime, to meet deadlines and constant change requests.  In order to meet informal estimates provided without a baseline to estimate from, developers usually end up putting in large amounts of overtime near deadlines

- EXTENSIVE changes and revisions.  Dozens, sometimes hundreds

- Business user / process / outcome owner's role:  Often cursory.  Sits in on some prototype sessions, misses some.  Often not held accountable for business outcome

- Executive sponsor's role:  Define outcomes required.  Fund and authorize project.  Put the right people in the right job.  Make effective demands on project team for the outcome.  Closely manage the risks associated with this approach

- Consultant's role:  Often perceived as "the expert".  Often shares responsibility for business outcome.  Generally a supporting role.  Does not allow ownership for business outcome of project to be passed to him or her.  Provides framework and disciplines above.  Provides expert skills where needed

Advantages and Risks of this Approach:

Issue Advantage Risk
Baggage / history   Many have been burned.

70%+ of projects have material cost overruns, delays and user dissatisfaction
Tools used / Situation Best using a non-coding tool such as SharePoint or InfoPath

Best when tight deadlines require rapid value delivered to the business

Best when a process owner has time and ownership to see through to effective outcome

(Arguably) better when big, new innovations and changes needed.

Some cultures will not tolerate or enforce the disciplines needed to make option A work
Dangerous on larger and custom development projects
Cost Perceived as least cost approach, but usually not

Cost can be controlled if very tightly managed
Cost track record is horrendous due to never-ending changes and lack of enforceable accountability
Quality Perceived as better because users get "hands on" quickly

Generally turns out to be more frustrating to users due to never ending changes

Projects often break down and are abandoned
Deadlines   Terrible track record
Scope Control / Change Management   Terrible track record

Continual changes
Status Reporting   Terrible track record

Often loses credibility and not believed
Executive sponsor   Substantial risk of being unable to hold anyone accountable for on time, on budget, as promised

Substantial risk of investing a little in the project, then getting drawn in to larger and larger commitments with no practical way to back out
Business Users Immediate "hands-on" with software is gratifying, but risks are extreme Track record of user results and satisfaction is horrible

Constant changes make it harder for user to do their job, creates hostility

Apathy and refusal to use system are common
Ownership for Business Outcome Can work well if exec sponsor and process owner clearly accountable for business outcome Substantial risk of little user and exec sponsor involvement, no ownership, abdicating responsibility to consultants

 

 

I understand and agree to adhere to these guidelines.

Associate Signature:  ________________________________

Date:  ____________________

Biblical Basis for Task Force Rules

For those who are interested, the following Bible verses support these behaviors and rules.

  1. STEWARDSHIP, RESULTS, VALUE:    Lk 12:45-46, 16:1-13, 1 Cr 1:11-15, 3:4-9, 4:6, Ja 4:17
  2. MANY ARE CALLED, FEW ARE CHOSEN:    Mt 22:14, Pr 1:7, 20-33, Mt 15:24-27, Lk 10:40
  3. SOLID ANALYSIS, HARD TRUTHS, HARD DECISIONS:   Jn 7:23, Ja 1:23, Ec 4:13, Pr 28:26, Ja 4:17
  4. THE WORK MUST BE UNDERSTOOD BEFORE BUDGETS, DEADLINES OR RESULTS CAN BE COMMITTED TO.   Pr 2:5-14, Lk 14:28-31
  5. CONTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT:  RIGHT PERSON, RIGHT JOB, CONTRIBUTION DEFINED, COMPETENTLY MANAGED, EVALUATIONS, INCENTIVES, TIME TRACKING:    2 Kg 18:1-3, 18:24, Dt 21:15-17, 2 Ch 19:7, Ps 105:20-22, Pr 1:7, 20-33, Pr 28:23, Pr 29:15, 19.  5.1  Excellence, Craftsmanship, the Joy of Serving Customers Well:  Ec 5,7,9, entire book, Pr 1:5, Dan 1:17, 2 Sa 17:8, 8:30, 2nd Tim 2:15,
  1. FAIRNESS, JUSTICE, RESPECT, EQUITY, GOOD FAITH for all involved.  Pr 1:2-3, Mt 20:25-27
  2. CANDOR and FULL DISCLOSURE:    Pr 25:13, 27:6
  3. PERFORMING AS PROMISED:   Ps 15:4, Ne 5:12-13, in context of 5:1-13
  4. UP FRONT AGREEMENT ON GOALS, VALUES (BEHAVIORS), MEASURES:    Lk 6:47-49, 14:28-31, Pr 1:7, 20-33, Lk 16:8
  5. ROI / PAYBACK DISCIPLINE WILL BE ENFORCED.   Mt 16:26, Pr 1:7, 20-33, Lk 8:8
  6. TRANSPARENCY, BRING ALL CONDUCT INTO THE LIGHT:  MEETING MINUTES, PERFORMANCE RECORDS AND PROJECT RESULTS WILL BE DOCUMENTED.    Lk 8:16-17, Lk 16:8
  7. BEST PRECEDENTS FROM COMPETITORS / PEERS / THE MANAGEMENT LITERATURE:   Pr 1:7, 20-33
  8. SUPPORT AGREED UPON POLICIES, with OBLIGATION TO DISSENT and RIGHT OF ESCALATION WITHOUT RETALIATION.  BUSINESS CASE PREVAILS:    Jg 9:19-20 in context of Jg 9:1-20, Pr 1:2-3, Dt 17:10-12, Ja 4:17
  9. THE NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIR:   Ex 18:19-23, Pr 1:7, 20-33
  10. DEMAND MAKING and PARTICIPATION BY EXECUTIVE SPONSOR:   Ec 8:2-4, 2 Sa 11:14-22 (illegal order), 18:10-14, 17:25, 20:4-10, Pr 28:23, Pr 29:15, 19, Ja 4:17
  11. FACE TO FACE, CONFERENCE CALLS, NET MEETINGS, NO ORGANIZATION BOUNDARIES, DIRECT COMMUNICATION WITH THOSE THE KNOW THE WORK or CAN HELP:   Pr 1:7, 20-33, Pr 28:23, Pr 29:15, 19
  12. CHANGE CONTROL:   Pr 1:7, 20-33, Pr 28:23, Pr 29:15, 19
  13. FINANCIAL INCENTIVES TO COMPLY WITH TASK FORCE RULES:   Pr 1:7, 20-33, Pr 28:23, Pr 29:15, 19, Ec 8:2-4, 2 Sa 11:14-22 (illegal order), 18:10-14, 17:25, 20:4-10
  14. DISPUTE RESOLUTION:   Ac 15:6, 22-31, 36-51, Mt18:15-17, Pr 26:20
  15. POSITIVE, TRUTHFUL STATUS:   Lk 16:8, Pr 1:7, 20-33
  16. WE USE HIGH-IMPACT / GE "WORK-OUT" METHODS:   Ec 9:10, Pr 22:29, Nh, 6:15, took 20 years to rebuild temple, city wall rebuilt in 52 days.  Pr 1:7, 20-33, Pr 28:23, Pr 29:15, 19